Cutaneous Microbial Imbalance in Atopic Dermatitis Mechanisms Evidence and Treatment Options
Ключевые слова:
Atopic Dermatitis, Skin Microbiome, Staphylococcus aureus, Microbial Dysbiosis, Microbiome-Targeted TherapyАннотация
In the modern world, one of the major medical challenges is atopic dermatitis (AD), a condition that has confounded the medical community with its complexity and many unexplored aspects. AD is known to be a chronic, relapsing inflam-matory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus, dysfunction of the epidermal barrier, and impaired immune regula-tion. In recent years, growing evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of the skin microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Dysbiosis-particularly the dominance of Staphylococcus aureus and the loss of commensal microbial diversity-has been consistently associated with disease severity, increased frequency of exacerbations, and resistance to therapy. Recent clinical trials and longitudinal cohort studies have revealed a dynamic relationship between microbial composition and inflammatory processes in both children and adults with AD. Interventions targeting microbial bal-ance-including probiotics, prebiotic emollients, commensal transplants, and live biotherapeutic products-have demon-strated varying degrees of clinical efficacy, offering promising adjuncts to conventional anti-inflammatory therapies.This paper summarizes contemporary findings from high-quality studies, with a focus on the interplay between the skin mi-crobiota and the host immune response. It also highlights emerging microbiome-based therapeutic strategies and the in-tegration of microbial diagnostics into personalized treatment approaches for AD.
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